Underground works is a field which affects all the four main sectors of activity and  consists of:

 

Geological and geotechnical tunnel surveys, stereographic projections interpretation and graphic rendering.

 

Design of tunnels and natural, artificial and open-pit passages, micro-tunnels and pipe jacking: choice of the most suitable excavation techniques, support lining sizing, works supervision and cost estimation.

 

Study and design of pre-consolidation and support works.

 

Monitoring and interpretation of displacements, incoming water and cracks related to tunnels and underground works in general, in soils and rocks.

 

Stability analysis of the excavation face and analysis of tunnel strains and ground settlements.